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1. N(place) e ikimasu / kimasu / kaerimasu โ When a verb indicates movement to a certain place, the particle "e" is put after the place noun to show the direction of the move.
Eg., Hakata e ikimasu. (I will go to Hakata.)
Eg., Firipin e kimashita. (I went to Philippines.)
Eg., Uchi e kaerimasu. (I will go home.)
2. Doko [e] mo ikimasen / ikimasendeshita โ When an interrogative takes the particle mo and the verb following it is negative, all that is represented by the interrogative is denied.
Eg., Doko [e] mo ikimasen. (I don't go anywhere.)
Eg., Nani mo tabemasen. (I don't eat anything.)
Eg., Dare mo imasen. (Nobody is there.)
3. S yo โ Yo is placed at the end of a sentence. It is used to emphasize information which the listener does not know, or to show that you are giving your judgement or views assertively.
Eg., Kono densha wa Fushimi e ikimasu ka. (Does this train go to Fushimi?)
Iie, ikimasen. Tsugi no futsลซ desu yo. (... No, it doesn't. The next local train does.)
[Note] Informal Situation: Yo is used as an answer.
Eg., Hanashite ii? (Can we talk?)
... oh, ii yo. (... Oh, sure.)
I [will] go to Kyoto.
Kyลto e ikimasu.
I [will] go home by taxi.
Takushฤซ de uchi e kaerimasu.
I came to Japan with my family.
Kazoku to Nihon e kimashita.
Where will you go tomorrow?
...I will go to Nara.
Ashita doko e ikimasu ka. ...Nara e ikimasu.
Where did you go last Saturday?
...I didn't go anywhere.
Sen-shลซ no Doyลbi doko e ikimashita ka. ...Doko [e] mo ikimasen deshita.
How will you go to Tokyo?
...I will go by Shinkansen.
Dลshite Tลkyล e ikimasu ka. ...Shinkansen de ikimasu.
Who will you go to Nara with?
...I will go alone.
Dare to Nara e ikimasu ka. ...Hitori de ikimasu.
When did you come to Japan?
...I came here on June 27th.
Itsu Nihon e kimashita ka. ...Roku-gatsu ni-jลซ-nana-nichi ni kimashita.
When is your birthday?
...It is on May 9th.
Tanjobi wa itsu desu ka. ...Go-gatsu kokonoka desu.
When is her birthday?
...Her birthday is on February 14th.
Kanojo no tanjobi wa itsu desu ka. ...Ni-gatsu jลซ-yokka desu.
Ibarra: Does this train go to Fushimi?
Kono densha wa Fushimi e ikimasu ka.
Woman (Stranger): Excuse me. How much is it to Fushimi? It's 360 yen.
Sumimasen. Fushimi made ikura desu ka. San-byaku roku-jลซ en desu.
Ibarra: 360 yen? Thank you very much.
San-byaku roku-jลซ en desu ka. Dลmo arigatล gozaimasu.
Woman (Stranger): You're welcome.
Dล itashimashite.
Ibarra: Excuse me. What platform is it for Fushimi?
Sumimasen. Fushimi wa nan-bansen desu ka.
Station employee: No. 5
Go-bansen desu.
Ibarra: Thanks.
Arigatล gozaimasu.
Ibarra: Excuse me. Does this train go to Fushimi?
Sumimasen. Kono densha wa Fushimi e ikimasu ka.
Man (Stranger): No, it doesn't. The next "local train" does.
Iie, ikimasen. Tsugi no futsลซ desu yo.
Ibarra: Thank you very much.
Dลmo arigatล gozaimasu.